Protect PDF encrypts a PDF so it can only be opened with the password you choose. It uses @cantoo/pdf-lib in your browser with AES-256 by default, the strongest standard PDF encryption, which every current PDF reader supports. AES-128 is available for very old readers. The tool checks that the encrypted file opens with your password before it hands it over.
You can also set permissions: allow or block printing (or allow low-quality printing only), copying text and images, adding comments and filling forms, and editing the document. These are stored under a separate owner password. If you leave the owner password empty, a long random one is generated, so the restrictions can't be lifted with the open password.
Be realistic about permissions: Acrobat, Preview, Chrome and most readers respect them, but some tools ignore them once the file is open. The open password is the real protection. Choose a long one and keep it safe, because nobody, including us, can recover it.